Future Perfect Continuous to jeden z tych czasów gramatycznych w języku angielskim, z którymi uczący się tego języka mają do czynienia nieco później. Teoretycznie możesz bez niego przetrwać i unikać jego używania. Musisz jednak być świadomy, że dla native speakerów korzystanie z niego jest rzeczą równie naturalną, jak np. Past Simple i Present Perfect. Istnieje więc spore prawdopodobieństwo, że usłyszysz lub przeczytasz wypowiedź, w którym zostanie użyta ta struktura gramatyczna. Jeśli czeka cię egzamin z języka angielskiego, np. matura lub FCE, znajomość Future Perfect Continuous jest ci po prostu niezbędna. Na szczęście, mimo długiej nazwy, jego struktura i użycie nie są wcale skomplikowane.
Czas Future Perfect Continuous ma dość długi element stały: “will have been”, do którego dodajemy czasownik z końcówką -ing. Jego forma jest identyczna dla wszystkich osób gramatycznych, nie musisz więc martwić się żadną odmianą.
ZDANIA TWIERDZĄCE
Zdania twierdzące w czasie Future Perfect Continuous tworzymy zgodnie z następującym wzorem:
podmiot + will have been + orzeczenie+ing
np. He will have been driving for five hours soon.
Mary will have been swimming for an hour in five minutes.
Tomorrow my boyfriend and I will have been dating for one year!
ZDANIA PRZECZĄCE
Aby utworzyć przeczenie w czasie Future Perfect Continuous, do operatora “will” należy dodać “not”. Pamiętaj, że nieformalnym języku angielskim “will not” należy skrócić do poręcznego “won’t”:
podmiot + won’t have been + orzeczenie+ing
np. He won’t have been driving for five hours soon.
Mary won’t have been swimming for an hour in five minutes.
Tomorrow my ex-boyfriend and I won’t have been dating for one year!
PYTANIA
Jak zawsze, kiedy mamy do czynienia z operatorem “will”, także w przypadku Future Perfect Continuous pytania tworzymy przez inwersję, a więc zamieniając miejscami podmiot i operator. Mówiąc najprościej - “will” stawiamy przed wykonawcą czynności:
(Wh-) will + podmiot + have been + orzeczenie+ing
np. How long will you have been waiting for the delivery by Friday?
Will they have been working together for over a year soon?
Will you have been making dinner for an hour by the time we arrive?
Czas Future Perfect Continuous jest w zasadzie stosowany tylko w jednym przypadku - kiedy chcemy powiedzieć, że w danym momencie w przyszłości upłynie określony okres czasu od momentu rozpoczęcia czynności, o której mowa.W języku polskim w takich sytuacjach stosujemy często zwrot “minie x czasu od kiedy”, np.
Tomorrow I will have been living in this house for two years. - Jutro minie dwa lata, od kiedy mieszkam w tym domu.
Stosując Future Perfect Continuous kładziemy nacisk na długość czasu, jaki upłynie.
Najlepszym sposobem na “oswojenie” nowej konstrukcji gramatycznej jest wykonanie odpowiedniej ilości ćwiczeń ;) Uzupełnij poniższe zdania czasownikiem w formie odpowiedniej dla czasu Future Perfect Continuous.
1) I _____________ (work) all weekend so I won't have much energy on Monday.
2) How long _____________ (you / wait) when you finally get your exam results?
3) How long _____________ (she / plan) to move house when she finally decides to do that?
4) She _____________ (play) tennis, so she won't be dressed up.
5) Angelina_____________ (not / eat) much, so we'll need to prepare some decent meal for her.
6) _____________ (he / play) computer games for the whole evening when he finally stops?
7) They _____________ (study) all day, so they'll want to get some rest in the evening.
8) They _____________ (not / stay) in the hotel for long when she arrives.
9) I _____________ (not / walk) when I meet you, I_____________ cycling.
10) _____________ (she / wait) long by the time we get there?
Zapraszamy do odwiedzin naszego bloga ponownie. Wkrótce omówimy podstawowy czas przyszły - Future Simple i porównamy go z innymi konstrukcjami gramatycznymi.
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ENGLISH VERSION
When to use Future Perfect Continuous?
Future Perfect Continuous is one of those tenses that are usually learnt at the later stage of studying English. Theoretically you can survive without it and avoid using it. You should be aware, though that for native speakers using it is as natural as eg. Past Simple or Present Perfect. There is high probability then, that you will hear or read a sentence containing this grammar structure. If you are planning to take an exam on English eg. Matura or FCE, you will simply need to be familiar with Future Perfect Continuous. Fortunately, in spite of the long and complicated name, the structure and use are not that hard at all.
Future Perfect Continuous includes one lengthy element that is always there: “will have been”that is followed by verb with -ing ending. The form is identical for all the grammar persons.
POSITIVE SENTENCES
Positive sentences in Future Perfect Continuous tense are formulated in the following way:
subject + will have been + verb+ing
eg. He will have been driving for five hours soon.
Mary will have been swimming for an hour in five minutes.
Tomorrow my boyfriend and I will have been dating for one year!
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
In order to make a negative sentences in Future Perfect Continuous, you need to add “not” to the auxiliary verb “will”. Remember, that in the informal English “will not” is shortened to the handy “won’t”:
subject + won’t have been + verb+ing
eg. He won’t have been driving for five hours soon.
Mary won’t have been swimming for an hour in five minutes.
Tomorrow my ex-boyfriend and I won’t have been dating for one year!
QUESTIONS
As always when “will” appears questions are made by means of inversion, which means switching places of the subject and the auxiliary verb:
(Wh-) will + subject + have been + verb+ing
eg. How long will you have been waiting for the delivery by Friday?
Will they have been working together for over a year soon?
Will you have been making dinner for an hour by the time we arrive?
Future Perfect Continuous is basically used in only one situation - when you want to say that in the given moment in the future a specified period of time will have passed since the beginning of the action. In Polish you will use the expression “minie x czasu od kiedy”, np.:
Tomorrow I will have been living in this house for two years. - Jutro minie dwa lata, od kiedy mieszkam w tym domu.
Future Perfect Continuous is used to emphasise the duration of the action.
The best way to make friends with new grammar structures is doing enough exercises ;) In the sentences below put the verbs in brackets into Future Perfect Continuous form.
1) I _____________ (work) all weekend so I won't have much energy on Monday.
2) How long _____________ (you / wait) when you finally get your exam results?
3) How long _____________ (she / plan) to move house when she finally decides to do that?
4) She _____________ (play) tennis, so she won't be dressed up.
5) Angelina_____________ (not / eat) much, so we'll need to prepare some decent meal for her.
6) _____________ (he / play) computer games for the whole evening when he finally stops?
7) They _____________ (study) all day, so they'll want to get some rest in the evening.
8) They _____________ (not / stay) in the hotel for long when she arrives.
9) I _____________ (not / walk) when I meet you, I_____________ cycling.
10) _____________ (she / wait) long by the time we get there?
We hope to see you again on our blog soon. We are going to discuss and compare the most basic future tense - Future Simple - in the near future. Make sure you don’t miss it!
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